Male pattern hair loss occurs due to the interaction between inherited genetic sensitivity and hormones, particularly dihydrotestosterone (DHT):

• Testosterone is converted into DHT by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase
• In genetically predisposed individuals, DHT causes hair follicles to gradually shrink
• Over time, hairs become thinner, shorter and lighter
• Eventually, affected follicles may stop producing visible hair altogether

This process is gradual and progressive, often beginning in the late teens or twenties, although onset and progression vary.

Yes. Not all hair loss is androgenetic alopecia. Other causes include:

•  Telogen effluvium (temporary shedding after illness, stress, surgery or weight loss)
•  Alopecia areata (autoimmune, patchy hair loss)
•  Scalp conditions (psoriasis, fungal infection)
•  Medication-related hair loss
• Hormonal or systemic illness

This is why a medical assessment is important before starting treatment — to ensure the diagnosis is correct and treatment is appropriate.

Conservative measures alone do not stop male pattern hair loss, but they can support scalp and hair health:

•  Gentle hair care and avoiding traction hairstyles
• Treating scalp inflammation or dandruff
• Managing stress and sleep
• Maintaining general health and nutrition

These measures support overall hair health but do not reverse androgenetic alopecia